Primary 4 Mathematics · Chapter 5 · Answers and explanations
Lesson 5.1: Recall: Fractions, Equivalent Fractions and Simplest Form (answers)
Section A · Multiple choice 4 marks
1. The strip is divided into equal parts. What fraction of the strip is shaded?1 mark
(A) 28(B) 62(C) 86(D) 68
Answer: (D) 68There are 8 equal parts and 6 are shaded, so 68 of the strip is shaded.
2. Which fraction is equivalent to 23?1 mark
(A) 812(B) 45(C) 32(D) 26
Answer: (A) 812Multiply the top and bottom by 4: 23 = 2 × 43 × 4 = 812. (Adding 2 to the top and bottom does not give an equal fraction.)
3. What is 1824 in its simplest form?1 mark
(A) 912(B) 34(C) 68(D) 23
Answer: (B) 34The biggest number that goes into 18 and 24 is 6. 18 ÷ 6 = 3 and 24 ÷ 6 = 4, so 1824 = 34. (912 and 68 are equal but can be made simpler.)
4. 35 = □20. What number goes in the box?1 mark
(A) 8(B) 15(C) 12(D) 17
Answer: (C) 125 × 4 = 20, so multiply the top by 4 as well: 3 × 4 = 12.
Section B · Write your answer 11 marks
5. The strip is divided into equal parts. What fraction of the strip is shaded? Give your answer in its simplest form.1 mark
Answer: 254 out of 10 parts are shaded: 410. Divide the top and bottom by 2: 25.
6. 56 = □18. Find the missing number.1 mark
Answer: 156 × 3 = 18, so multiply the top by 3: 5 × 3 = 15.
7. Write 1230 in its simplest form.1 mark
Answer: 25Divide the top and bottom by 6: 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 30 ÷ 6 = 5. So 1230 = 25.
8. Write 2436 in its simplest form.1 mark
Answer: 23Divide the top and bottom by 12: 24 ÷ 12 = 2 and 36 ÷ 12 = 3. So 2436 = 23.
9. The fraction wall shows 34 shaded. Use it to find the missing number: 34 = □12.1 mark
Answer: 9Each fourth is the same as 3 twelfths. So 3 fourths = 3 × 3 = 9 twelfths. 34 = 912.
10. A ribbon is cut into 12 equal pieces. 9 pieces are used. What fraction of the ribbon is not used? Give your answer in its simplest form.2 marks
Answer: 1412 − 9 = 3 pieces are not used. That is 312. Divide the top and bottom by 3: 14.
11. Find the missing numbers: 46 = □3 = 20□.2 marks
Answer: 2 and 306 ÷ 2 = 3, so divide the top by 2 as well: 4 ÷ 2 = 2. Then 23 = 2030 because 2 × 10 = 20 and 3 × 10 = 30.
12. A box has 36 sweets. 12 are red and 9 are green. The rest are yellow. What fraction of the sweets are yellow? Give your answer in its simplest form.2 marks
Answer: 512Yellow sweets: 36 − 12 − 9 = 15. Fraction: 1536. Divide the top and bottom by 3: 512.
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